Konbanwa! Thank you for your time on Sunday night, as always. It was great to see you again! In today’s lesson, we reviewed how to create sentences in the present positive and negative forms, as well as the past positive and past negative forms, using various verbs such as,
In Japanese,the masu‑form is the polite way of speaking. For example, the verb “tabemasu” (to eat) changes as follows: * Present positive: tabemasu = to eat / will eat * Present negative: tabemasen = do not eat / will not eat * Past positive: tabemashita = ate * Past negative: tabemasen deshita = did not eat
The question “Kinou doko e ikimashita ka?”(Where did you go yesterday?) can be answered with: → Kinou wa ginkō e ikimashita. (I went to the bank yesterday.) The question “Ginkō e nani de ikimashita ka?”(How did you get to the bank?) can be answered with: → Densha de ginkō e ikimashita. ( went to the bank by train.) The question “Kyō wa nani o shimashita ka?”(What did you do today?) can be answered with: → Nanimo shimasen deshita. Ie ni imashita. (I didn’t do anything today. I stayed at home.)
Things are gradually getting harder, but you'll get used to them as we go. Well done today. Have a great week then. See you next time. Stay well!
Today, we studied the negative forms of demonstrative pronouns "Kore/Sore/Are wa ~ ja arimasen" (This/That/That over there is not ~) and the possessive forms "Kore/Sore/Are wa [Person] no desu / ja arimasen" (This/That/That over there is / is not [Person]'s).
★Negative Form
・あれは 神社（じんじゃ） じゃありません。お寺（おてら）です。 (That over there is not a shrine. It is a temple.)
★Possessive Form
それは モモさん の スマホです。 (That is Ms. Momo's smart phone.)
あれは 煉獄（れんごく）さん の 刀(かたな)です。 (That over there is Mr. Rengoku's sword.)
★Possessive Negative
これは Yuiさんの ペンライトじゃありません。わたし の です。 (This is not the Yui's light stick. It is mine.)
Today, we reviewed the demonstratives kore / sore / are (this / that / that over there). You remembered them well and were able to use them correctly.
Next, we practiced kono / sono / ano (this / that / that over there + noun). For example:
Kono wa watashi no kamera desu. (This is my camera.)
Sono wa watashi no kamera desu. (That is my camera.)
Ano wa watashi no kamera desu. (That over there is my camera.)
After that, we practiced expressing possession using ~ no desu. Examples:
Sore wa Miki-san no kaban desu.
Sore wa Yoshiko-sensei no kamera desu.
Sore wa Jane-san no nooto desu.
You did a good job saying that something belongs to a specific person.
We also practiced negative sentences using ja arimasen. For example:
Kore wa booru desu ka?
Iie, orenji ja arimasen. Booru desu.
You understood that ja arimasen is used to make negative sentences, and you used it very well.
For review, please practice:
kore / sore / are
kono / sono / ano + noun
Person + no + noun
ja arimasen for negative sentences
You did a very good job today. Your understanding is improving steadily. Please keep reviewing these expressions so you can use them confidently in conversation.
